The hardware architecture of modern arcade machines has evolved significantly compared to classic models, driven by advancements in technology and changing player expectations. Classic arcade machines, popular in the 1980s and 1990s, relied on specialized custom hardware, often built around 8-bit or 16-bit processors like the Z80 or Motorola 68000. These systems were designed for single-game use, with dedicated sound chips and pixel-based graphics.

In contrast, modern arcade machines leverage powerful off-the-shelf components, such as multi-core CPUs and high-performance GPUs, similar to those found in gaming PCs or consoles. Many now run on standardized platforms like Windows or Linux, enabling easier game updates and multi-game support. Modern machines also incorporate high-definition displays, touchscreens, motion sensors, and even VR capabilities, offering a more immersive experience.

Another key difference is connectivity. While classic arcades were standalone units, modern machines often feature online connectivity for multiplayer modes, leaderboards, and downloadable content. Storage has also shifted from ROM chips to solid-state drives (SSDs), allowing for larger, more complex games.

Despite these advancements, some modern arcades retain retro-inspired designs to appeal to nostalgia, blending cutting-edge hardware with the charm of classic gaming. The evolution reflects broader trends in gaming technology, prioritizing flexibility, performance, and interactivity.