Modular control panels are essential components of arcade machines, offering flexibility and customization for gaming enthusiasts. The most common types include:

1. Joystick and Button Panels: These feature a standard layout with a joystick and multiple action buttons, ideal for fighting games and classic arcade titles.

2. Trackball Panels: Designed for games like "Golden Tee Golf" or "Missile Command," these panels include a trackball for precise rolling movements.

3. Spinner Panels: Used in games such as "Tempest," spinner controls allow rotational input for unique gameplay experiences.

4. Dual-Stick Panels: Equipped with two joysticks, these panels are perfect for twin-stick shooters like "Robotron: 2084."

5. Customizable Panels: These allow users to mix and match controls, such as combining a joystick, trackball, and buttons for versatile gaming.

Modular panels enhance gameplay by adapting to different arcade genres, making them a favorite among retro and modern arcade builders alike.