Arcade machines rely on various sensors to deliver an immersive gaming experience. The most common types include:

1. Joystick Sensors: These detect directional movements and translate them into in-game actions. Potentiometers or optical encoders are often used to measure stick position.

2. Button Sensors: Microswitches or membrane sensors beneath buttons register player inputs, triggering responses like jumps or attacks.

3. Motion Sensors: Accelerometers and gyroscopes in modern arcade cabinets enable tilt or shake controls for dynamic gameplay.

4. Optical Sensors: Used in light-gun games or tracking systems, these detect screen interactions or player movements.

5. Coin Sensors: Critical for operation, these validate inserted coins or tokens to start games.

These sensors ensure precision and responsiveness, key to the arcade gaming experience.