Arcade cabinets, the iconic vessels of gaming history, are built from a variety of materials chosen for durability, cost, and workability. The primary material for the main body or carcass is wood, specifically engineered woods like Medium-Density Fibreboard (MDF) and plywood. MDF is incredibly popular due to its smooth surface, which is ideal for painting and applying vinyl graphics, and its lack of knots or grain. Plywood, particularly Baltic birch, offers superior strength and screw-holding capability, making it a favorite for heavier cabinets or those designed for frequent movement.

Beyond wood, metals play a crucial role. Steel and aluminum are commonly used for structural brackets, coin mechanisms, and the control panel interface where the joysticks are mounted. The control panel itself is often topped with a durable plastic laminate or acrylic sheet to withstand years of vigorous use. For the player interface, materials like polycarbonate (Lexan) are used as overlays for printed artwork, protecting it from wear. Tempered glass is the standard for protecting the CRT or LCD monitor, offering clarity and safety. Finally, various plastics and vinyls are used for decorative side art, marquees, and bezels, completing the classic arcade look.