Modern arcade machines utilize a variety of input devices to deliver immersive and engaging gameplay experiences. While classic controls remain popular, new technologies have expanded player interaction methods. The most common types include:

Joysticks are perhaps the most iconic arcade input device. These lever-based controllers allow omnidirectional movement and are essential for fighting games, classic shooters, and navigation-heavy cabinets. Modern joysticks often feature enhanced durability and precision over their predecessors.

Arcade buttons represent another fundamental input method. These large, responsive buttons are designed for rapid pressing and are typically arranged in patterns optimized for specific game genres. Illuminated buttons have become standard, enhancing both aesthetics and visibility in dim arcade environments.

Trackballs provide an alternative control scheme for games requiring precise cursor or character movement. These large spherical controllers rotate freely in any direction and are particularly popular in sports games like golf or bowling simulations, as well as classic titles like Missile Command.

Light guns and gun-shaped controllers offer specialized input for shooting games. These devices typically use optical sensors or infrared technology to detect where players are aiming on the screen. Modern versions often incorporate recoil feedback and motion sensing for enhanced realism.

More recent arcade innovations include motion sensors and touchscreens. Motion-controlled games use body movement as input, while touchscreen interfaces enable direct interaction with game elements, particularly in puzzle or strategy games.

Despite technological advancements, many modern arcade machines continue to use traditional joystick and button configurations due to their proven reliability and nostalgic appeal. The choice of input device ultimately depends on the game's requirements and the desired player experience.