Arcade game machines rely heavily on microcontrollers to power their gameplay, graphics, and sound. The most common types of microcontrollers used in these systems include:

1. Zilog Z80 – A classic 8-bit CPU widely used in early arcade games like Pac-Man and Space Invaders due to its simplicity and efficiency.

2. Motorola 68000 – A 16/32-bit processor that powered more advanced arcade systems such as Street Fighter II and Mortal Kombat.

3. MOS 6502 – Another 8-bit microcontroller found in many vintage arcade cabinets, known for its cost-effectiveness.

4. ARM-based MCUs – Modern arcade machines often use ARM processors for their high performance and energy efficiency.

5. FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) – Used in emulation and modern arcade replicas to mimic classic hardware accurately.

These microcontrollers handle everything from game logic to input processing, making them the backbone of arcade gaming technology. Whether for retro restorations or new arcade designs, understanding these components is essential for enthusiasts and developers alike.