Arcade machine light guns have evolved significantly over the years, with two primary technologies dominating the market: CRT-based and infrared (IR) systems. CRT light guns, used in classic arcade games like "Duck Hunt," rely on the cathode-ray tube's scanning mechanism to detect shots by timing the screen's refresh cycle. These guns are highly accurate but only work with CRT displays.

In contrast, modern IR light guns use infrared sensors placed around the screen to track the gun's position, making them compatible with LCD and LED screens. While IR systems offer broader display compatibility, they can sometimes suffer from calibration issues and reduced precision compared to CRT-based guns.

Another notable difference is the gameplay experience. CRT light guns provide instantaneous feedback, while IR systems may introduce slight latency. Choosing between them depends on the arcade setup and desired authenticity. Understanding these differences helps gamers and collectors make informed decisions for their setups.