Arcade machines have long been a staple of multiplayer gaming, offering fast-paced, competitive experiences. To ensure smooth gameplay, these machines employ several techniques to handle synchronization and latency issues.

1. Local Hardware Synchronization: Most arcade games rely on local hardware, where all players interact with the same machine. This eliminates network latency since inputs are processed in real-time by a single system.

2. Frame-Based Synchronization: Arcade games often use deterministic frame-based synchronization. Each player’s inputs are registered within the same frame, ensuring all actions are synchronized without delays.

3. Input Buffering: To compensate for minor timing discrepancies, arcade machines may use input buffering, storing inputs briefly to align them with the game’s internal clock.

4. Low-Latency Displays and Controls: Arcade cabinets are optimized for minimal input lag, with high-refresh-rate monitors and responsive controls to reduce latency.

5. Peer-to-Peer Networking (for linked cabinets): In cases where multiple cabinets are connected, peer-to-peer networking minimizes latency by directly linking machines without intermediary servers.

By combining these methods, arcade machines deliver a seamless multiplayer experience, even in high-speed competitive games. Their design prioritizes real-time responsiveness, making them a benchmark for low-latency gaming.